Paris - The United States may be the biggest provider of military, financial and humanitarian support to Ukraine following the Russian invasion but former members of the Soviet Union and former Soviet satellite states are among Kyiv’s most generous backers.

- US first, Germany second -

The United States remains by far the biggest donor with 70.7 billion euros in aid pledges, followed by Germany with 18.01 billion (10.68 billion in bilateral aid and 7.33 billion from its contribution to EU aid to Ukraine) and the United Kingdom with 10.74 billion euros.

Outside Europe and the US, the biggest donor is Japan, with 6.62 billion euros.

Total aid commitments by country to Ukraine

- Baltics most generous -

Compared to the US their contributions may seem paltry but the three Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania allocate a far bigger share of their gross domestic product towards fellow former Soviet nation Ukraine.

Their aid commitments amount to 1.26 percent, 1.09 percent and 0.95 percent of their GDP respectively, compared to 0.33 percent for the US.

Poland and Slovakia, both of which border Ukraine, complete the top five of most generous countries, contributing 0.68 percent and 0.63 percent of their GDP respectively.

Poland was first in the spring of 2022 to provide Ukraine with tanks, in the form of hundreds of Soviet-era vehicles, and this year sent some of its stocks of cutting-edge German-made Leopard 2 tanks.

- Hungary holds back -

Not all of Ukraine's neighbours have been so generous, however.

Russia ally Hungary, which has avoided criticising Russian President Vladimir Putin over the invasion, is one of the smallest contributors of aid, amounting to just 0.03 percent of GDP.

And in Slovakia, the government's generosity towards Ukraine is opposed by many citizens, with populist pro-Russian former prime minister Robert Fico, whose party is polling strongly ahead of September elections, accusing Bratislava of being under Washington's thumb.

Who are the biggest aid contributors to Ukraine (as a % of GDP)?

- Germany and Poland host most refugees -

Among Ukraine's allies, Germany and Poland have taken in the most refugees, receiving 1.07 million and 995,000 respectively to date. The Czech Republic is next with 346,000, according to the UN refugee agency UNHCR.

On a per-capita basis, Montenegro is the most welcoming, with the 38,540 refugees on its soil representing more than 6.1 percent of its population.

Ukrainian refugees make up three percent of the population of Estonia, Moldova and the Czech Republic and more than two percent of those of Lithuania, Poland, Bulgaria and Latvia.

The influx of refugees has stirred resentment in some countries.

In Estonia, the far-right EKRE party came second in legislative elections in early March with its plea for the government to stop admitting Ukrainian refugees.

France is the EU nation which takes in the least Ukrainian refugees (0.11 percent of its population).

By Jean-Philippe Chognot

Infographics by Nalini Lepetit-Chella, Paz Pizarro, Sabrina Blanchard & Sylvie Husson

This article was produced by Agence France-Presse as part of a joint research project by six news agencies (AFP, AGERPRES, ANP, ANSA, DPA & TT) for the European Data News Hub. The six agencies worked closely to collect information on how EU and NATO member states have responded to the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Each agency has produced their own article which were all published on July 3. This article was updated on July 6 with new data from the Kiel Institute.

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